Chapter 1: Classification of Computers and Languages
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (30 Marks)
1. A speedometer in a car is an example of which type of computer?
2. An Automated Teller Machine (ATM) is classified as a:
3. Which computer language is directly understood by computer hardware without translation?
4. Which type of computer is the most powerful in terms of processing speed and memory?
5. An automatic washing machine uses which specialized computer type inside it?
6. Machine language is written using binary digits, which consist of:
7. Assembly language uses symbolic codes in place of binary numbers called:
8. Which program converts assembly language code into machine language?
9. Which translator program reads and converts high-level code line-by-line?
10. Which translator converts an entire high-level program into machine language at once?
11. Which of the following is an example of a Supercomputer?
12. Which computer category is widely used by students in schools and personal work?
13. Java, Python, and C++ are examples of:
14. A flight simulator uses a combination of analog and digital technology called a:
15. Large institutions like banks and government organizations use which computers for critical processing?
16. In binary representation, '0' signifies which state?
17. In binary representation, '1' signifies which state?
18. Programming languages that closely resemble human English are known as:
19. Low-level languages are hardware-dependent and include Machine Language and:
20. The process of writing instructions/programs for computers is known as:
21. ENIAC is an example of which generation computer?
22. Laptops, tablets, and smartphones belong to which category of computers?
23. Which machine language translation happens fastest because it needs no complex processing?
24. Which type of language program requires a translator program to run on a computer?
25. IBM Z is an example of which type of computer system?
26. Smartwatches and smart TVs contain microcontrollers categorized as:
27. High-level languages are easier to learn than machine languages because they are:
28. Microcomputers are also referred to as:
29. Which translator generates an object code file after translating the whole source code?
30. Computers are broadly categorized based on generation, type, purpose, size, cost, and:
Section B: Assertion & Reason Questions (30 Marks)
Directions: Choose the correct option for each question:
- A: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C: Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D: Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
31. Assertion (A): Machine language is directly understood by a computer.
Reason (R): Machine language is expressed in binary form consisting of 0s and 1s.
32. Assertion (A): High-level languages require translator programs to execute on a computer.
Reason (R): Computer processors can only execute binary machine code directly.
33. Assertion (A): An Interpreter translates a program faster when fixing errors line-by-line during development.
Reason (R): An Interpreter translates line-by-line, stopping immediately when an error is encountered.
34. Assertion (A): A Compiler translates the whole program into machine code at once.
Reason (R): Compilers display all error messages together after analyzing the entire source code.
35. Assertion (A): Laptops and tablets are portable microcomputers.
Reason (R): Microcomputers are small, lightweight, and suitable for personal use.
36. Assertion (A): Supercomputers are used for personal office work.
Reason (R): Supercomputers are massive, extremely expensive systems used for complex scientific tasks like weather forecasting.
37. Assertion (A): Flight simulators are examples of hybrid computers.
Reason (R): Hybrid computers combine the speed of analog computers with the accuracy of digital computers.
38. Assertion (A): Assembly language is considered a high-level language.
Reason (R): Assembly language uses mnemonic codes instead of English-like sentences.
39. Assertion (A): An ATM is a special-purpose computer system.
Reason (R): ATMs are built to perform specific dedicated banking functions like cash withdrawal.
40. Assertion (A): High-level languages are easier for humans to read and write.
Reason (R): High-level language syntax closely resembles standard English.
41. Assertion (A): Speedometer measures continuous physical quantities like speed.
Reason (R): Analog computers process continuous physical measurements rather than discrete numbers.
42. Assertion (A): High-level programs are difficult to learn compared to machine code.
Reason (R): Machine code requires memorizing long strings of 0s and 1s.
43. Assertion (A): Embedded computers run dedicated control functions in everyday appliances.
Reason (R): Automatic washing machines and microwave ovens contain embedded microcontrollers.
44. Assertion (A): Machine language programs are portable and run on any hardware.
Reason (R): Machine language is hardware-dependent and tailored to specific processor architectures.
45. Assertion (A): Mainframe computers handle thousands of user transactions simultaneously.
Reason (R): Mainframe systems possess immense data processing power and high reliability.
46. Assertion (A): Assembler translates Java programs into machine code.
Reason (R): Assembler is designed specifically to convert assembly language mnemonic codes.
47. Assertion (A): High-level languages are hardware-independent.
Reason (R): A high-level program can run on different types of computers using appropriate translators.
48. Assertion (A): Programming is the art of writing sets of instructions for computers.
Reason (R): Computers require step-by-step instructions to execute any task.
49. Assertion (A): PARAM Brahma is a Supercomputer developed in India.
Reason (R): India has built advanced supercomputing systems under national missions.
50. Assertion (A): Machine language requires no translator program.
Reason (R): It is already expressed in native binary 0s and 1s.
51. Assertion (A): Binary 1 represents the "Off" state in digital circuits.
Reason (R): Binary 0 represents the "Off" state and 1 represents the "On" state.
52. Assertion (A): A desktop computer is an example of a microcomputer.
Reason (R): Desktop computers are designed for individual desktop use.
53. Assertion (A): Interpreter generates a permanent standalone object file.
Reason (R): Compiler generates an object code file after translating the whole code.
54. Assertion (A): Assembly language is easier to remember than pure binary machine code.
Reason (R): It replaces binary 0s and 1s with readable mnemonic codes like ADD and SUB.
55. Assertion (A): Fifth generation languages involve artificial intelligence capabilities.
Reason (R): They aim to let computers solve problems visually and respond to human speech.
56. Assertion (A): Laptops are suitable for traveling students.
Reason (R): Laptops run on batteries and are portable microcomputers.
57. Assertion (A): High-level languages are hardware-dependent low-level languages.
Reason (R): Low-level languages depend on specific hardware structures.
58. Assertion (A): Digital computers process data in discrete binary values.
Reason (R): Digital computers perform calculations accurately using binary digits.
59. Assertion (A): Translators are unnecessary for assembly language.
Reason (R): Assembler translates mnemonic codes into machine language.
60. Assertion (A): Computer classification helps in choosing the right machine for specific needs.
Reason (R): Computers vary significantly in size, power, purpose, and cost.
Section C: Image & Visual Feature Based Questions (10 Marks)
61. Identify the computer category shown below:
This device belongs to which computer classification?
62. Observe the code syntax snippet:
10100011 00000001 00000100
Which programming language is represented by this binary format?
63. Observe the code syntax snippet:
LDA 20, ADD 10, MOV R1
Which programming language utilizes these mnemonic codes?
64. Translation process visualization:
Assembly Language ➔ [ ? ] ➔ Machine Language
Which translator program fits in the bracket?
65. Translation process visualization:
High-Level Program ➔ [ Line-by-Line Translation ] ➔ Machine Code
Which translator program performs translation line-by-line?
66. Translation process visualization:
High-Level Program ➔ [ Whole Program at Once ] ➔ Object Code
Which translator program translates the entire code at once?
67. Real-life Scenario Visual: Rashmi visits a bank and notices a cash dispenser machine that prints receipts and dispenses cash upon card insertion. What type of dedicated computer is this?
68. Real-life Scenario Visual: Mohit wants to write a calculator app program that can run on Windows, Mac, and Android without rewriting machine code. Which language type should he use?
69. Look at the dashboard meter visual below:
This dial pointer gauge is an example of an:
70. Identify the Indian Supercomputer system logo/name: PARAM Brahma. What category does it belong to?
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