Chapter 1: Evolution of Computers
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (30 Marks)
1. Which was the first mechanical calculating device invented in ancient China?
2. The upper section of an Abacus frame is known as:
3. The lower section of an Abacus frame is known as:
4. John Napier invented a set of rectangular rods for calculating called:
5. Who is known as the 'Father of Computers'?
6. Who is recognized as the First Computer Programmer in history?
7. Herman Hollerith invented which calculating machine that used punched cards?
8. The first automatic sequence controlled calculator developed in 1944 was:
9. What was the core technology used in First Generation computers?
10. Second generation computers used which component in place of vacuum tubes?
11. What was the main technology used in Third Generation computers?
12. Microprocessors (VLSI) are the base technology for which generation of computers?
13. Fifth generation computers involve which advanced technology concept?
14. Which was the world's first general-purpose electronic digital computer?
15. Which computer was the first commercially available computer that handled numeric and text data?
16. Who contributed to the concept of stored-program architecture used in EDVAC?
17. Who introduced the first microprocessor (Intel 4004) in 1971?
18. Which programming language was primarily used in First Generation computers?
19. High-level languages like FORTRAN and COBOL came into existence during which generation?
20. Which technology uses a special headset to completely immerse users in a virtual environment?
21. Adding digital elements to your real-world surroundings (like Pokémon GO) is known as:
22. Connecting everyday devices like light bulbs and thermostats to the internet is called:
23. The ability of a computer to perform continuous work without feeling tired or bored is called:
24. The computer characteristic that refers to doing different kinds of tasks in various fields is:
25. Which device stores the maximum amount of data among standard storage devices?
26. Listening to music while typing a document at the same time shows which feature?
27. Which of the following is a limitation of a computer system?
28. Blaise Pascal invented a calculating machine called Pascaline, which was a/an:
29. IBM 360 and PDP-11 belong to which generation of computers?
30. Siri and Alexa are real-world examples of which AI feature?
Section B: Assertion & Reason Questions (30 Marks)
Directions: Choose the correct option for each question:
- A: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- B: Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is NOT the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
- C: Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
- D: Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
31. Assertion (A): The Abacus is considered the first mechanical counting device.
Reason (R): It consisted of a wooden frame with rods holding movable beads.
32. Assertion (A): First generation computers produced a huge amount of heat and burnt out frequently.
Reason (R): First generation computers were built using vacuum tubes.
33. Assertion (A): Second generation computers were smaller and consumed less power than first generation computers.
Reason (R): Transistors replaced bulky vacuum tubes in second generation computers.
34. Assertion (A): Charles Babbage is recognized as the Father of Computers.
Reason (R): He designed the Difference Engine and Analytical Engine.
35. Assertion (A): Computers can work continuously without getting tired.
Reason (R): Computers possess the characteristic quality of Diligence.
36. Assertion (A): Computers make emotional decisions based on human instincts.
Reason (R): Computers do not possess feelings or real human intelligence.
37. Assertion (A): Integrated Circuits (ICs) were used in Third Generation computers.
Reason (R): Integrated Circuits made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable.
38. Assertion (A): Fourth generation computers became affordable and portable.
Reason (R): Fourth generation computers started using Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) microprocessors.
39. Assertion (A): UNIVAC I was the first commercial computer capable of processing numeric and text data.
Reason (R): It was designed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly in 1951.
40. Assertion (A): Fifth generation computers aim to understand natural human speech.
Reason (R): Fifth generation computers utilize Artificial Intelligence technology.
41. Assertion (A): Modern computers work without needing electricity or internet.
Reason (R): Dependency on power and network connectivity is a known limitation of smart devices.
42. Assertion (A): Lady Augusta Ada Lovelace is called the First Programmer.
Reason (R): She wrote instructions for Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine.
43. Assertion (A): Internet of Things (IoT) lets users remotely control home devices.
Reason (R): IoT connects everyday items like lights and thermostats to the internet.
44. Assertion (A): Third generation computers introduced key-boards and monitors.
Reason (R): Punched cards were replaced by interactive keyboards and monitors for input/output.
45. Assertion (A): EDVAC stored data and instructions in binary code inside memory.
Reason (R): John von Neumann introduced the stored-program architecture concept.
46. Assertion (A): ENIAC weighed 30 tons and was very large in physical size.
Reason (R): It contained 18,000 vacuum tubes and required 150 KW power.
47. Assertion (A): A computer always gives inaccurate results even if input data is correct.
Reason (R): Accuracy is a key characteristic of computer systems.
48. Assertion (A): Second generation computers used assembly language in place of machine language.
Reason (R): Assembly language allowed programmers to write instructions using symbolic codes.
49. Assertion (A): Virtual Reality (VR) overlays digital images onto your actual surroundings.
Reason (R): Augmented Reality (AR) adds digital elements to the real-world view.
50. Assertion (A): Computers can perform millions of complex mathematical calculations in seconds.
Reason (R): High processing speed is a fundamental characteristic of computers.
51. Assertion (A): Hard disk is an internal or external secondary storage device.
Reason (R): It can store the maximum amount of data among standard storage devices.
52. Assertion (A): Tabulating Machine processed information recorded on punched cards.
Reason (R): Herman Hollerith designed the Tabulating Machine for processing statistical data.
53. Assertion (A): Transistors were invented at Bell Labs in 1947.
Reason (R): John Bardeen, William Shockley, and Walter Brattain invented the transistor.
54. Assertion (A): Apple Macintosh and IBM PC are examples of Fourth Generation computers.
Reason (R): They utilize microprocessors as their central processing unit.
55. Assertion (A): Robots can perform complex tasks independently or under human guidance.
Reason (R): Robots are used in medical surgeries and household chores.
56. Assertion (A): AI allows computers to create music or draw pictures identical to human creativity.
Reason (R): AI relies on learned patterns rather than genuine life experiences.
57. Assertion (A): First generation computers used magnetic tapes for data storage.
Reason (R): First generation computers relied on cloud storage solutions.
58. Assertion (A): Versatility means a computer system can perform multiple types of jobs.
Reason (R): Computers are widely used in education, science, finance, and healthcare.
59. Assertion (A): Computers exhibit reliability because they perform consistently well.
Reason (R): Computer systems include provisions for immediate data backup in case of failure.
60. Assertion (A): The history of computers spans from manual counting tools to smart AI devices.
Reason (R): Each generation brought improvements in speed, size reduction, and efficiency.
Section C: Image & Visual Feature Based Questions (10 Marks)
61. Identify the early calculating device shown in the structure below:
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[ Lower Deck: Earth ]
Which calculating device is divided into Heaven and Earth sections?
62. Observe the electronic component diagram representation below:
Which generation of computers utilized this electronic component as its primary circuitry?
63. Identify the component shown below:
Which generation replaced vacuum tubes with this smaller component?
64. Observe the component diagram representation below:
Integrated Circuits (ICs) were used as the primary hardware technology in:
65. Look at the chip representation below:
Microprocessors were first introduced in which computer generation?
66. Real-life Scenario Visual: Alice puts on a headset and finds herself exploring a virtual ocean environment with dolphins in 360 degrees. Which technology is she experiencing?
67. Real-life Scenario Visual: Rohan points his mobile camera at his study table, and a virtual 3D animated character appears standing on his table. Which technology is Rohan using?
68. Look at the Smart Home System Setup diagram below:
What technology connects these everyday physical objects to the internet?
69. Identify the historical calculating machine that utilized rectangular numbered rods as shown below:
This calculating tool invented in 1617 by John Napier is called:
70. Look at the software interface feature: A user scans their face in front of a smartphone camera to unlock it. Which AI application is being demonstrated?
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